Despite reaching its
peak of
at the beginning of the 20th
, the British Empire's origins reach back to the end of the 1400s. Hi, I’m Rebecca Brayton and welcome to Watchmojo.com and today we’ll be exploring the
rise, dominance and
fall of this one time world empire.
Following Portugal and Spain’s
lead in overseas
, King Henry VII of England began to commission
across the Atlantic.
Several unsuccessful attempts were made to create colonies along the North American coast under Queen Elizabeth I. It was in the early
century that, under the rule of King James I of England, the British Empire
truly took a
leap forward.
The first permanent
settlement in the Americas under English rule was Jamestown, founded in 1607. In the decades that followed, progressively more popped up along the
and
throughout the Caribbean. A series of wars with France and the Netherlands throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries eventually left Britain as the dominant
power.
This
was tested, however, late in the eighteenth century. Thirteen of its North American colonies broke free from Britain through the American War of Independence, creating the
States of America.
Despite this seemingly crushing blow, the British Empire pushed forward and
shifted its focus towards , the Pacific and
, growing larger than ever.
After being
challenged by and eventually defeating Napoleon’s France in 1815, Britain was left with no major
. From this point until 1914, Britain would add 400 million people to their empire, along with 17 per cent of the world's total area, during what was referred to as their "imperial century."
The
growth of Germany as a military and economic power forced Britain to form
with old enemies such as France and
in the lead-up to the First World War. In the short term, Britain benefited by receiving even more territory through the Treaty of Versailles. However, the economic implications of the war
spelled trouble for the empire in the long term.
1922 marked the
height of the British Empire, when they
held sway over one-quarter of the world’s population. However, World
II would leave Britain virtually bankrupt. With anti-colonization sentiments high, the
dismantling of this once-dominant world empire began. While many colonies declared their
in the decades that followed, many consider the
hand-over of Hong Kong to
in 1997 as the end of the empire for Britain.
Despite this, the British influence is still felt the world over. In addition to the 14 territories over which the United Kingdom still
retains sovereignty, the empire also caused large
of people.
Across the world, many ex-colonies still use the British parliamentary system as the basis for their now independent
. The British Empire was also responsible for creating some of the world’s most popular sports, including soccer, and golf. However,
arguably the British Empire’s largest mark on the world was the English language. The
of the language
increased with the
spread of their rule, and today it is the mother tongue of
roughly 400
people
worldwide.